Network Addressing IPv4 - Self Learn

Network Addressing:

Each device on a TCP/IP (IPv4) network uses a unique 4-byte, or 32-bit, decimal IP address for communication and is composed of two distinct parts: a network address and a host address.
Each 8 byte is called octet.
Click to collapse

Example:
172.168.16.100

172 -> belongs class B

172.168. is the network address
16.100 is the host address

Routing is done based on the network address. Each octet can have the value between 0-255.

Classes of IP Addresses


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Two of the main ones are designated for the default route and loopback address.
The default route address is represented as 0.0.0.0 and is used to simplify the routing information that IP uses. Any route lookup failure defaults back to this route. The loopback address space is 127.0.0.0 and is used for testing and treating a local host as if it were remote to the network. 


Class A (0–127): '0' 
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Class B (128–191): '10'
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Class C (192–223):'110'
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Class D (224–239):'1110'
Click to collapse

Class E (240–254):'1111'
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Click to collapse


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